Quick Data on Peru
Short Name | Peru |
Capital | Lima |
Long Name | Republic of Peru |
Country Code | PE |
Continent | South America |
Total Area | 1,285,216 sq km |
Population | 31,914,989 |
Language | Spanish, Quechua, Aymara |
Nationality | Peruvian(s) |
Geography of Peru
As a country in South America, with coordinates at 10 00 S, 76 00 W, Peru neighbors Bolivia 1212 km, Brazil 2659 km, Chile 168 km, Colombia 1494 km, Ecuador 1529 km. The terrain in Peru is described as western coastal plain (costa), high and rugged Andes in center (sierra), eastern lowland jungle of Amazon Basin (selva), with an average elevation point of 1,555 m. The climate of Peru: varies from tropical in east to dry desert in west; temperate to frigid in Andes.
Surface Total | 1,285,216 sq km |
Land Surface | 1,279,996 sq km |
Water Surface | 5,220 sq km |
Land Boundaries | 7,062 km |
Neighbor Countries | Bolivia 1212 km, Brazil 2659 km, Chile 168 km, Colombia 1494 km, Ecuador 1529 km |
Coastline | 2,414 km |
Lowest Elevation Point | Pacific Ocean 0 m |
Highest Elevation Point | Nevado Huascaran 6,746 m |
Resources of Peru
The country enjoys many types of natural resources, with the main ones being copper, silver, gold, petroleum, timber, fish, iron ore, coal, phosphate, potash, hydropower, natural gas. The agricultural land occupies 18.80% of Peru, while the land covered with forests is estimated at 53.00%.
Percent of Total Land | Surface Sq km | Data | |
Agricultural Land | 18.80% | 240,639 sq km | 2011 est. |
Irrigated Land | 25,800 sq km | 2012 | |
Forest Land | 53.00% | 678,398 sq km | 2011 est. |
Other Land | 28.20% | 360,959 sq km | 2011 est. |
Population of Peru
The population of the country is estimated at 31,914,989 people, with the biggest urban area having 10.719 million LIMA (capital), 923,000 Arequipa, 865,000 Trujillo (2020). Known as Peruvian(s), the people from Peru come from diversified ethnic groups such as mestizo (mixed Amerindian and white) 60.2%, Amerindian 25.8%, white 5.9%, African descent 3.6%, other (includes Chinese and Japanese descent) 1.2%, unspecified 3.3% (2017 est.). The official language is Spanish, Quechua, Aymara. Religions: Roman Catholic 60%, Christian 14.6% (includes evangelical 11.1%, other 3.5%), other .3%, none 4%, unspecified 21.1% (2017 est.).
Population | 31,914,989 |
Nationality | Peruvian(s) |
Official Language | Spanish, Quechua, Aymara |
Other Languages | Spanish (official) 82.9%, Quechua (official) 13.6%, Aymara (official) 1.6%, Ashaninka 0.3%, other native languages (includes a large number of minor Amazonian languages) 0.8%, other (includes foreign languages and sign language) 0.2%, none .1%, unspecified .7% (2017 est.) |
Birth Rate | 17 births / 1000 population (2020 est.) |
Death Rate | 6.2 deaths / 1000 population (2020 est.) |
Urban Population | 78.30% of total population (2020) |
Physicians Density | 1.3 physicians/1,000 population (2016) |
Hospital Beds Density | 1.6 beds/1,000 population (2017) |
Governing Type of Peru
Peru is a presidential republic. The legal system makes use of civil law system.
Governing Type | presidential republic |
Citizenship by Birth | yes |
Citizenship by Descent | yes |
Dual Citizenship | yes |
Residency Requirement for Naturalization | 2 years |
Suffrage Vote | 18 years of age; universal and compulsory until the age of 70 |
Economy of Peru
From a population total of 31,914,989, the labor force is 17.03 million (2017 est.). The main products in agriculture are: artichokes, asparagus, avocados, blueberries, coffee, cocoa, cotton, sugarcane, rice, potatoes, corn, plantains, grapes, oranges, pineapples, guavas, bananas, apples, lemons, pears, coca, tomatoes, mangoes, barley, medicinal plants, quinoa, palm oil, marigolds, onions, wheat, dry beans; poultry, beef, pork, dairy products; guinea pigs; fish. Among the main industries considerable for the economy are: mining and refining of minerals; steel, metal fabrication; petroleum extraction and refining, natural gas and natural gas liquefaction; fishing and fish processing, cement, glass, textiles, clothing, food processing, beer, soft drinks, rubber, machinery, electrical machinery, chemicals, furniture. Its exports cover copper, gold, lead, zinc, tin, iron ore, molybdenum, silver; crude petroleum and petroleum products, natural gas; coffee, asparagus and other vegetables, fruit, apparel and textiles, fishmeal, fish, chemicals, fabricated metal products and machinery, alloys. The main import products are: petroleum and petroleum products, chemicals, plastics, machinery, vehicles, TV sets, power shovels, front-end loaders, telephones and telecommunication equipment, iron and steel, wheat, corn, soybean products, paper, cotton, vaccines and medicines.
Exports | $44.92 billion (2017 est.) |
Imports | $38.65 billion (2017 est.) |
Export Partners | China 26.5%, US 15.2%, Switzerland 5.2%, South Korea 4.4%, Spain 4.1%, India 4.1% (2017) |
Import Partners | China 22.3%, US 20.1%, Brazil 6%, Mexico 4.4% (2017) |
GDP / Capita | $13,500 (2017 est.) |
Electricity Production | 50.13 billion kWh (2016 est.) |
Electrification Rate | population without electricity: 2 million (2017) |
Internet Users | 13,975,422 |
Internet Penetration Rate | 45.50% (July 2016 est.) |
For latest imports and exports data we recommend checking the website for the National Bank of Peru, statistics sectio